A prospective observational study was conducted to identify high-risk populations for chronic kidney disease, create awareness through public education, and reduce the disease burden. Active screening was performed on 714 participants, including 357 first-degree relatives of patients with chronic kidney disease as the test group and 357 spouses as the control group. The test group showed higher average values for systolic blood pressure (140.10 ± 19.38 millimeters of mercury) and diastolic blood pressure (86.23 ± 5.11 millimeters of mercury) compared to the control group (123.70 ± 7.13 millimeters of mercury and 75.13 ± 4.91 millimeters of mercury, respectively). Fasting blood sugar levels and serum creatinine levels were elevated in the test group (2.10 ± 6.66 milligrams per deciliter) compared to the control group (0.93 ± 0.35 milligrams per deciliter). Additionally, the average urine albumin level in the test group (26.05 ± 8.04 milligrams) and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio were significantly higher than in the control group (13.23 ± 2.80 milligrams). The study findings indicated that individuals with a family history of kidney failure, especially first-degree relatives, are at an increased risk of developing kidney disease compared to those without such a history. This emphasizes the importance of familial predisposition as a significant risk factor. Despite this, awareness of kidney disease was observed to be low among participants, highlighting the urgent need for targeted education and early screening programs to prevent the progression of kidney disease in high-risk groups.