<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-archivearticle1-3-mathml3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Arch Pharm Pract</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">archivepp.com</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Arch Pharm Pract</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Archives of Pharmacy Practice</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2320-5210</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">archivepp.com-1233</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51847/hJh6gBtBg9</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original research</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Assessment of Antibiotics Prescribing Using WHO/ INRUD Indicators and AWaRe Classification in an Indian Regional Hospital</article-title>
      </title-group>
                    <contrib-group>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Sindhuja</surname>
                <given-names>Chepuri</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Mithila</surname>
                <given-names>Sreeramoju</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Chowdary</surname>
                <given-names>Ranadheer</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Devanandan</surname>
                <given-names>Praveen</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
                                                            <xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp" />
                          </contrib>
                  </contrib-group>
                  <aff id="aff1">
            <label>1</label>Department of Pharmacy Practice, St Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Warangal, India.
          </aff>
                  <aff id="aff2">
            <label>2</label>St Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Warangal, India.
          </aff>
                          <author-notes>
            <corresp id="cor1">
              <bold>Address for correspondence:</bold> Prof. Wael Abu Dayyih, Department of
              Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan.
                              E-mail: <email xlink:href="praveennandan.1993@gmail.com">praveennandan.1993@gmail.com</email>
                          </corresp>
          </author-notes>
                    <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>16</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>9</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>
          Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Archives of Pharmacy Practice
        </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license>
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            specific-use="textmining" content-type="ccbyncsalicense">
            https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of
            the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows
            others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate
            credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc></title>
        <p>Antimicrobial resistance and irrational antibiotic use are global concerns. Assessing prescribing practices based on drug use indicators and AWaRe classification can help to enhance the healthcare system&amp;#39;s standards. A six-month prospective observational study was conducted at a regional tertiary hospital in India, involving patients from various departments who were hospitalized. Data from patient case sheets were analyzed using WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators and AWaRe classification, with Microsoft Excel and SPSS 2 for data analysis. In a study of 306 patients, 670 antibiotics were prescribed, revealing significant deviations from World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Access group antibiotics usage was 30% (target: 60%), while the watch group usage was high at 69.25%. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were prescribed in 85.53% of cases, and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations in 40%, contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Only 49.85% of antibiotics were from the National Essential Drugs List (target 100%). The hospital lacks its own institutional Standard Therapeutic Guidelines (STG), a formulary List (FL), and a diagnostic tool, ‘the culture and the sensitivity test’, to choose antibiotics for specific infections was poorly performed. As a global community, it is essential now to stop discussing and move beyond the antimicrobial resistance problem by implementing solutions. Establishing antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) from the regional healthcare settings in India helps promote prudent antibiotic use.  Strengthening the healthcare system could make this achievable. </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
                <kwd>AWaRe</kwd>
                <kwd>WHO prescribing indicators</kwd>
                <kwd>Hospital and patient care indicators</kwd>
                <kwd>Antimicrobial stewardship program</kwd>
              </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>