The only effective treatment for severe obesity is bariatric surgery. While bariatric surgery is helpful in managing obesity and its aftereffects, it does not lessen the incidence of cholelithiasis. Numerous research, however, have indicated that bariatric surgery could raise the risk of cholelithiasis. A reduction in hospital admissions for colic pain and problems related to gallstone formation might be achieved by monitoring the development of cholelithiasis after fast weight loss, which is a result of most bariatric surgeries. To evaluate the value of prophylactic measures by investigating the existing research about the occurrence of cholelithiasis after bariatric surgery. The PubMed database was utilized to choose papers, and the following keywords were entered into the mesh: ((“cholelithiasis"[Mesh]) AND (“bariatric surgery” [Mesh]) OR (“prevention"[Mesh])). Rapid excess weight loss has been identified as the primary cause of gallstone development following bariatric surgery. Only just a minority of patients suffer symptoms in the first year after bariatric surgery, and cholecystectomy is rarely needed. As a result, it is not advised to be done as prophylactic. However, in the first 6 months, prophylactic pharmaceutical treatment (such as Ursodeoxycholic acid) might be utilized instead. Ursodeoxycholic acid used as a preventative measure greatly decreased gallstone development following weight loss surgery. It might be advantageous in high-risk patients.