Assessment of trans-vaginal ultrasound guided aspiration of endometrioma in recurrence and IVF outcomes in infertile cases

Background: One of the effective and less invasive treatments in patients with recurrent endometrioma with infertility can be trans-vaginal sonography guided aspiration and ethanol injection in cysts. Our goal is to assess the recurrence rate of endometrioma after this treatment and its effectiveness on intra vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in these cases. Methods: This study is a clinical trial. Cases were selected among patients at infertility center of “Afzali-pour” hospital, and classified into two groups. Trans-vaginal sonography guided aspiration and ethanol injection were performed in patients of the case group, but only aspiration of cysts was done in patients of the control group. After 3 months of aspiration, IVF was done for patients and then they were examined for the recurrence of endometrioma and results of IVF. Results: Average numbers of transferred fetuses were 2.63 ± 0.3 and 1.94±   0.2 in the case and control groups, respectively (p value= 0.019). Recurrent percentages of cyst formation in the case and control groups were 36.8% and 63.1%, respectively (p value = 0.105). The cyst size after aspiration averaged 0.71 ± 0.1 and 1.57 ± 0.2 cm in the case and control groups, respectively, which statistically had no significant difference. Conclusion: The number of the transferred fetuses in the case group was significantly more than the control group, which shows higher fertility in the former than in the latter. Besides, the recurrence of cyst formation and the size of new cysts were less in the case group but these parameters were not statistically significant.