Background & aim: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic non-contagious disorders with disabling consequences, prolonged intangible course, and increasing prevalence. Social support is recognized as one protection against stress whereas hope is an internal power and available reservoir. This s

Background & aim: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic non-contagious disorders with disabling consequences, prolonged intangible course, and increasing prevalence. Social support is recognized as one protection against stress whereas hope is an internal power and available reservoir. This study aimed to determine the correlation between social support and hope with medication adherence in type II diabetic patients. Methods and Materials: The study population in this descriptive-correlational research consisted of diabetic patients presenting to diabetes clinics affiliated to Shahid Beheshti Medical University in Tehran. A sample of 160 type II diabetics was selected randomly as participants. Zimet’s (1988) Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, Herth’s (1999) Hope Questionnaire, and Morisky’s (2008) Medication Adherence Questionnaire were used after establishing their reliability and validity. Data were analyzed with SPSS22. Results: The findings showed that %56.9 of the participants were female and %69.4 had a diabetes history of 3+ years. Also, although %80 of the patients had high perceived social support, their medication adherence rate was low. Hope was high in %56.9 of the patients. Besides, there was a significant direct correlation between social support and hope (P<0.001, r=0.426), between social support and medication adherence (P=0.018, r=0.186), and between hope and medication adherence (P=0.002, r=0.248). Conclusion: Social support and hope are factors affecting medication adherence in type II diabetic patients, the promotion of which can improve medication adherence and social development.