Bacteriological Analysis of Drinking Water from Different Regions of Karachi from February 2016 to August 2016

There is the various disease which is caused by contaminated water. Unfortunately, only 40-60% Pakistani population has access to safe water. This raises a serious issue to perform bacteriological analysis of drinking water. Although such analysis was carried on by some laboratories but the method or techniques adopted were very old and also there is no database to evaluate the actual figure. The study was cross-sectional. In the present study, the bacteriological quality of the drinking water supply was analyzed. Different districts of Karachi were selected for the study. The quality of drinking water in both rural and urban areas is not properly accomplished resulting in a higher occurrence rate of water-borne diseases. Pathogenic organisms cause water-borne diseases. Water samples from four different districts were collected. A total of 115 water samples were assessed for bacteriological contamination. The result showed that 55 out of 115 (47.8%) did not comply with the World Health Organization(WHO) standard guidelines for drinking water. Escherichia coli was identified among 23 out of 55 samples (41.8%) and overall coliform organisms were grown from 63.3%. It is a matter of great concern that 47.8% of samples were sub-standard and unsatisfactory to be consumed by humans. It requires serious strategies to cope up with the issue.

1.        AS N, El Deen Mustafa M, Taher A, Hassanin SO. A Comparative Study between Effect of Physical Activity and ADAM, Vs Iron Salts on Some Physical Traces of Underground Water. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2019;8(3):37-46.

2.        Rassolov SN, Kurbanova MG, Voroshilin RA, Ulrikh EV. Effect of Phytobiotic fodder additives based on Water-Ethanol extract of Echinacea Purpurea on the qualitative characteristics of rabbit meat. J Adv Pharm Educ Res. 2019;9(3):23-7.

3.        da Silva ME, Santana RG, Guilhermetti M, Camargo Filho I, Endo EH, Ueda-Nakamura T, et al. Comparison of the bacteriological quality of tap water and bottled mineral water. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2008;211(5-6):504-9.

4.        Carr R. Health Aspects. Publication on health aspects of sanitation, prepared by Richard Carr for the WHO, and published on the Sanitation Connection website. 2002. Retrieved September 12, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://www.irc.nl/url/7882

5.        Holgate G. Water Quality: DETR consultation on new regulations for drinking water. Environ Waste Manag. 2000;3(3):105-12.

6.        Kahlown M, Tahir M, Rasheed H, Bhatti K. National water quality monitoring programme. Tech. Rep. Fourth Technical Report, Pakistan Council of Research in water Resources; 2006.

7.        Haydar S, Arshad M, Aziz JA. Evaluation of drinking water quality in urban areas of Pakistan: A case study of Southern Lahore. Pak J Eng Appl Sci. 2009;5:16-23.

8.        Khatoon A, Pirzada ZA. Bacteriological quality of bottled water brands in Karachi, Pakistan. Biologia (Bratisl). 2010;56(1&2):137-43.

9.        Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(3):197-204.

10.      Lee L, Lu C, Kung SL. Spatial diversity of chlorine residual in a drinking water distribution system. J Environ Eng. 2004;130(11):1263-8.

11.      Asia DS. water vision 2025, Country Report, Pakistan. Maharashtra, India, Global Water Partnership. South Asia Technical Advisory Committee Regional Office. 2000.

12.      Aziz JA. Report Submitted to The Asian Development Bank as Part of Water Resources Strategy Study, ADB, TA 3130 PAK. 2002.

13.      Aziz JA. Management of source and drinking-water quality in Pakistan. East Mediterr Health J. 2005;11(5-6):1087-98.

14.      Bridges G. Asian Water Development Outlook 2007—Country Paper Pakistan. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank. Available from: http://www. adb. org/Documents/Books/AWDO/2007/cr08. pdf. 2007.

15.      Liguori G, Cavallotti I, Arnese A, Amiranda C, Anastasi D, Angelillo IF. Microbiological quality of drinking water from dispensers in Italy. BMC Microbiol. 2010;10(1):1-5.

16.      Guidelines for drinking-water quality; 3rd edition, volume 1. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva; 2004. pp. 143-220

17.      Asia DS. water vision 2025, Country Report, Pakistan. Maharashtra, India, Global Water Partnership. South Asia Technical Advisory Committee Regional Office. 2000.

18.      Mena KD, Gerba CP. Risk assessment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009;201:71-115.