The current study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of LivPro® among hepatitis C patients. An interventional study was performed among n=89 hepatitis C patients. The duration of the study was 3 months and the assessment for liver function, ELISA, and Viral load was performed monthly for the patients recruited in this study. Mean difference was measured and at a Confidence Interval (CI 95%) p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This interventional study was comprised of 89 patients who directly participated in this study. Of whom 52 (58.0%) were men and the remaining 42% were women. All the patients were hepatitis C positive at the time of recruitment of study. Overall, it is observed that improvement in ALT at the endpoint assessment was -23.13 [ -31.96 - -14.30] in comparison to the baseline (p=<0.0001). Similarly, the improvement in AST and ALP was also significant (p=<0.0006; p=<0.0001). There was a significant decline in the Anti-HCV ELISA however, regardless of the decline the viral load was not found statistically significant at the end of the study. LivPro® is beneficial in improving the hepatic biomarkers of the patients suffering from Hepatitis C.
1. Asrani SK, Devarbhavi H, Eaton J, Kamath PS. Burden of liver diseases in the world. J Hepatol. 2019;70(1):151-71. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.09.014
2. Ibrahim AA, Abdelbasset WK. The role of physical exercise in treating people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Adv Pharm Edu Res. 2020;10(2):64-70.
3. Almutairi NM, Alzaidi SA, Alotaibi SM, Alsharari AMH, Alsaleh AI, Alotaibi SS, et al. Liver Trauma Diagnosis and Surgical Management. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2020;9(1):70-4.
4. Petta S, Craxì A. Hepatocellular carcinoma and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: from a clinical to a molecular association. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16(6):741-52. doi:10.2174/138161210790883787
5. Prinja S, Bahuguna P, Duseja A, Kaur M, Chawla YK. Cost of Intensive Care Treatment for Liver Disorders at Tertiary Care Level in India. Pharmacoecon Open. 2018;2(2):179-90. doi:10.1007/s41669-017-0041-4
6. Limketkai BN, Mehta SH, Sutcliffe CG, Higgins YM, Torbenson MS, Brinkley SC, et al. Relationship of liver disease stage and antiviral therapy with liver-related events and death in adults coinfected with HIV/HCV. JAMA. 2012;308(4):370-8. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.7844
7. Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, et al. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2(3):161-76. doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30181-9
8. Moin A, Fatima H, Qadir TF. Tackling hepatitis C—Pakistan's road to success. Lancet. 2018;391(10123):834-5. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30462-8
9. Janjua NZ, Butt ZA, Mahmood B, Altaf A. Towards safe injection practices for prevention of hepatitis C transmission in South Asia: challenges and progress. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(25):5837. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i25.5837
10. Awamilab. LivePro 2021. Available from: http://awami.com/product/livpro-30-tablets/.
11. Cichoż-Lach H, Michalak A. Oxidative stress as a crucial factor in liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(25):8082. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i25.8082
12. Cao L, Du J, Ding W, Jia R, Liu Y, Xu P, et al. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of dietary Angelica sinensis extract against carbon tetrachloride‐induced hepatic injury in Jian Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Aquac Res. 2016;47(6):1852-63. doi:10.1111/are.12643
13. Jiang W, Guo MH, Hai X. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of lycopene on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rat. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(46):10180. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i46.10180
14. Wu JG, Kan YJ, Wu YB, Yi J, Chen TQ, Wu JZ. Hepatoprotective effect of ganoderma triterpenoids against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide in human hepatic HepG2 cells. Pharm Biol. 2016;54(5):919-29. doi:10.3109/13880209.2015.1091481
15. Kalantari H, Foruozandeh H, Khodayar MJ, Siahpoosh A, Saki N, Kheradmand P. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Capparis spinosa L. fractions and Quercetin on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced acute liver damage in mice. J Tradit Complement Med. 2018;8(1):120-7. doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.04.010
16. Faraji S, Daneghian S, Alizadeh M. Effects of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Tradit Med Res. 2020;5(6):476-86. doi:10.12032/TMR20200603192
17. Arena A, Bisignano G, Pavone B, Tomaino A, Bonina F, Saija A, et al. Antiviral and immunomodulatory effect of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. buds. Phytother Res. 2008;22(3):313-7. doi:10.1002/ptr.2313
18. Reinke RA, Lee DJ, McDougall BR, King PJ, Victoria J, Mao Y, et al. L-chicoric acid inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integration in vivo and is a noncompetitive but reversible inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase in vitro. Virology. 2004;326(2):203-19. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2004.06.005
19. Javed T, Ashfaq UA, Riaz S, Rehman S, Riazuddin S. In-vitro antiviral activity of Solanum nigrum against Hepatitis C Virus. Virol J. 2011;8(1):1-7. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-26
20. Pause A, Kukolj G, Bailey M, Brault M, Dô F, Halmos T, et al. An NS3 serine protease inhibitor abrogates replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNA. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(22):20374-80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210785200
21. Borowski P, Heiland M, Oehlmann K, Becker B, Kornetzky L, Feucht H, et al. Non‐Structural Protein 3 of Hepatitis C Virus Inhibits Phosphorylation Mediated by cAMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase. Eur J Biochem. 1996;237(3):611-8. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0611p.x
22. Sakamuro D, Furukawa T, Takegami T. Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS3 transforms NIH 3T3 cells. J Virol. 1995;69(6):3893-6. doi:10.1128/jvi.69.6.3893-3896.1995
23. Subash K, Ramesh K, Charian BV, Britto F, Rao NJ, Vijaykumar S. Study of hepatoprotective activity of Solanum nigrum and Cichorium intybus. Int J Pharmacol. 2011;7(4):504-9. doi:10.3923/ijp.2011.504.509
24. Duke JA. Promising herbs and phytochemicals for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Am Herbal Guild. 2016;14(1):60-74.
25. Sajitha Lulu S, Thabitha A, Vino S, Mohana Priya A, Rout M. Naringenin and quercetin–potential anti-HCV agents for NS2 protease targets. Nat Prod Res. 2016;30(4):464-8. doi:10.1080/14786419.2015.1020490
26. Jafri M, Subhani MJ, Javed K, Singh S. Hepatoprotective activity of leaves of Cassia occidentalis against paracetamol and ethyl alcohol intoxication in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;66(3):355-61. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00037-9
27. Usha K, Kasturi GM, Hemalatha P. Hepatoprotective effect ofHygrophila spinosa andCassia occidentalis on carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in experimental rats. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2007;22(2):132-5. doi:10.1007/BF02913331
28. Gbadegesin MA, Odunola OA. In vitro antioxidant/radical scavenging activities and hepatoprotective roles of ethanolic extract of Cassia occidentalis leaves in sodium arsenite-treated male Wistar rats. J Adv Med Med Res. 2013:2141-56. doi:10.9734/BJMMR/2013/4356
29. Savita S, Srivastava AK, Sudhir S, Patnaik G, Dhawan B. Effect of picroliv and silymarin on liver regeneration in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 1994;26(1):19.
Copyright © 2024 Archives of Pharmacy Practice. Authors retain copyright of their article if they are accepted for publication.
Developed by Archives of Pharmacy Practice