The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. Also, it is the biggest cause of death in women with cancer. The exact cause is not known but there are risk factors such as women above 55, Caucasian races, late age of first pregnancy, genetic factors and, family history. It has two classifications histological and molecular. Tumor biomarkers are either prognostic markers or predictive markers. We here present a review for breast cancer prognostic markers. Breast cancer prognostic markers are divided into classical (ER. PR, Ki67, and HER2) and novel (P53, cyclin E, cyclin D1, BRCA 1-2, VEGF, and TBX 2-3). The objective of this review is to evaluate the important prognostic marker for breast cancer and to provide its clinical significance.
The use of biomarkers helps breast cancer patients to get the best treatment. The prognostic markers are to evaluate the outcome. They either indicate for good prognosis as ER and PR or indicate for bad prognosis as P53, HER2, cyclin E, cyclin D1, BRCA1, BRCA2, VEGF, TBX2, and TBX3. Also, some can be used as an important indicator for tumor recurrence as ER, Ki67, P53, and cyclin E. Tumor prognostic markers are clinically important for breast cancer patients. We recommend its clinical use to help breast cancer patients get the best treatment and prognosis options.
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