Hip Bone Fracture Diagnosis and Management

Background: Hip bone has an important structural role in the human body and is considered a central anatomical structure that is surrounded by large muscles, pelvic organs, and neurovascular bundles. It acts as a hanger where girdle and lower limb muscles originate or attach. Its function is essential in body weight-bearing and movement allowance. Hip fractures must be dealt with appropriately to restore anatomical stability and functionality. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate various aspects of hip fracture in the published literature. Method: PubMed database was used for article selection, and the following keywords were used in the mesh; "Hip Bone Fracture Evaluation"[Mesh] and “Management of Hip bone Facture"[Mesh]. Articles related to this subject were included. Results: Understanding of the mechanism of injury is crucial for suitable management. An anamnesis may report groin or buttocks pain and inability to bear weight on the fractured extremity; which is increased with walking. Examination findings usually report one or a combination of deformities, previous trauma, and leg shortening. Lateral and anteroposterior X-ray is the primary golden view of hip fractures, while other modalities are used for further identification of fractures and possible complications. 2D and 3D CT reconstructions show the anatomical hip models based on anatomical landmarks, which make it a possible modality for evaluating asymmetry of the postoperative hip. Conclusion: Careful clinical suspicion of hip fractures and possible neurovascular compromises are possible complications of falls, especially in the elderly. The advantageous radiological modalities represent possible adjuvants for evaluation and monitoring management of hip fractures.