Investigation of the effect of ecological factors on phytochemical, anatomical and physiological characteristics of the medicinal plant of Vashagh (Dorema ammoniacum)

The genus Dorema from the family Apiaceae has 7 species, 2 of which are endemic to Iran, Dorema ammoniacum and Dorema aucheri. These two species have used by the local population, which are known as Vashagh and Bilhar respectively in Iranian traditional medicine. D. ammoniacum has a world-famous gum called Ammoniacum which is very valuable and important in pharmaceutical medicine. This species has grown well in areas with harsh environmental conditions (warm and dry) and inappropriate soils such as Semnan gypsum soils. Many studies have been done on the medicinal properties and active ingredients of gum and its antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer properties that has been used in traditional medicinal to treat neurological and epileptic diseases. Ecological and botanical studies of this species were conducted for the first time in 22,000 hectares of gypsum areas in the west of Semnan. Soil and species analyzes were performed in this paper. Potassium, magnesium and calcium are the highest in D. ammoniacum. Relationship between environmental factors and distribution of this species was performed by correlation analysis (RDA). Lime (TNV) and calcium and elevation have a positive relationship with species distribution, but sodium, magnesium and potassium have a negative effect on species distribution. The special relationship between the chemical Components of this species and its ecological conditions was identified and introduced in this study.