Investigating the limits of Civil liability of Drawee Bank for the Issuer and the Holder of the check In Iranian law

As regards everyone is rationally responsible for his actions and behaviors and it also accepted by the law as a certain legal principle, so organizations and legal entities would not be an exception to this principle. Banks also have continuous interaction with natural and legal persons and if the banks cause losses or damages to the parties, they have civil liability for and shall compensate them for their damages. When interacting with customers, banks issue circular letters and internal regulations, may be in some cases these regulations lead to customers ' losses, which also banks as legal entities will be responsible for them. The present paper investigates and studies the limits of civil liability of drawee bank for the issuer and the holder of the check by a document-library method. The result is that the bank has some responsibilities for issuer to verify the check holder's identity, verify check validity, match the issuer's signature, issue payment order, payment countermanded, and so on. Also, for holder, the bank is required to pay the check, issue payment countermanded, observe deadlines, and so on. The present study investigates and studies in this field by a library method.