Archive \ Volume.15 2024 Issue 3

Dietary Habits, Body Composition and Life Satisfaction Among Saudi University Female Students by Physical Activity

,
  1. Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The undergraduate stage plays a crucial role in promoting healthy habits. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and compare the body composition, dietary assessment, and life satisfaction level among physically active and inactive female students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 257 university students between March and November 2022. This study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Healthy Eating Assessment, and Life Satisfaction-11 (LISAT-11) to collect data, and the body composition was measured. 45.5% of the participants were in a low level of physical activity (PA), 36.2% had a moderate level, and 18.3% had a high level. Students spent 8.11±3.94 hours/day of sitting time. 78.2% of students were satisfied with their life. 63.4% of students had a good eating pattern while 33.1% were in a “Fair” zone. Significant inverse differences were found between eating patterns and PA levels, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (p ≤ 0.05). This study concluded a high prevalence of sedentary behavior and insufficient PA levels among KAU students. Furthermore, the majority of students fell within the normal weight range, reported high life satisfaction, and demonstrated good dietary patterns. There were no significant differences in life satisfaction and body composition among physically active and inactive students.


Downloads: 99
Views: 454

How to cite:
Vancouver
Alsubhi A, Turkistani AM. Dietary Habits, Body Composition and Life Satisfaction Among Saudi University Female Students by Physical Activity. Arch Pharm Pract. 2024;15(3):28-36. https://doi.org/10.51847/TFhQCTNtzj
APA
Alsubhi, A., & Turkistani, A. M. (2024). Dietary Habits, Body Composition and Life Satisfaction Among Saudi University Female Students by Physical Activity. Archives of Pharmacy Practice, 15(3), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.51847/TFhQCTNtzj

Download Citation
References
  1. Walker SN, Sechrist KR, Pender NJ. The health-promoting lifestyle profile: Development and psychometric characteristics. Nurs Res. 1987;36(2):76-81. 
  2. Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Sanders-Tordecilla A, Ojeda-Pardo ML, Cobo-Mejía EA, Castellanos-Vega RDP, et al. Percentage of body fat and fat mass index as a screening tool for metabolic syndrome prediction in Colombian university students. Nutrients. 2017;9(9):1009.
  3. Salonen MK, Wasenius N, Kajantie E, Lano A, Lahti J, Heinonen K, et al. Physical activity, body composition and metabolic syndrome in young adults. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0126737.
  4. Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk PT, et al. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: An analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):219-29. 
  5. Tudor-Locke C, Hatano Y, Pangrazi RP, Kang M. Revisiting "how many steps are enough?" Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(7 Suppl):S537-43.
  6. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451-62. ‏
  7. Al-Hazzaa HM, Abahussain NA, Al-Sobayel HI, Qahwaji DM, Musaiger AO. Physical activity, sedentary behaviors and dietary habits among Saudi adolescents relative to age, gender and region. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8(1):140.
  8. Musaiger AO, Awadhalla MS, Al-Mannai M, AlSawad M, Asokan GV. Dietary habits and sedentary behaviors among health science university students in Bahrain. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2017;29(2).
  9. Sreeramareddy CT, Shankar PR, Binu VS, Mukhopadhyay C, Ray B, Menezes RG. Psychological morbidity, sources of stress and coping strategies among undergraduate medical students of Nepal. BMC Med Educ. 2007;7(1):26.
  10. Almogbel E, Aladhadh AM, Almotyri BH, Alhumaid AF, Rasheed N. Stress associated alterations in dietary behaviours of undergraduate students of Qassim university, Saudi Arabia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(13):2182-8.
  11. Kumar H, Shaheen A, Rasool I, Shafi M. Psychological distress and life satisfaction among university students. J Psychol Clin Psychiatry. 2016;5(3):00283.
  12. Aceijas C, Waldhäusl S, Lambert N, Cassar S, Bello-Corassa R. Determinants of health-related lifestyles among university students. Perspect Public Health. 2017;137(4):227-36. 
  13. Salem V, AlHusseini N, Abdul Razack HI, Naoum A, Sims OT, Alqahtani SA. Prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for obesity in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Obes Rev. 2022;23(7):e13448. 
  14. World Health Organization. Global health risks: Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks. 2009. Available from:  https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44203
  15. Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1·9 million participants. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(10):e1077-86. 
  16. General Authority of Statistics. Household Sports Practice Survey 2019. Available from:  https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/household_sports_practice_survey_2019_ar.pdf
  17. Mialich MS, Covolo N, Vettori JC, Junior AAJ. Relationship between body composition and level of physical activity among university students. Rev Chil Nutr. 2014;41(1):46-53.
  18. King Abdulaziz University, Deanship of Admission and Registration. 2020. Available from: https://www.kau.edu.sa/Content-0-EN-2384.
  19. Raosoft. Sample Size Calculator. 2004. Available from: http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html.
  20. Booth M. Assessment of physical activity: An international perspective. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2000;71(2 Suppl):S114-20. 
  21. International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ. Long last 7 days self-administered format. For use with young and middle-aged adults (15–69 years). 2002. Available from: http://www.ipaq.ki.se/.
  22. IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). 2005. Available from: https://sites.google.com/view/ipaq/score.
  23. Paxton AE, Strycker LA, Toobert DJ, Ammerman AS, Glasgow RE. Starting the conversation performance of a brief dietary assessment and intervention tool for health professionals. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(1):67-71. ‏
  24. Ryan S. Life Satisfaction Questionnaire 9. 2013. Available from: https://www.sralab.org/rehabilitation-measures/life-satisfaction-questionnaire-9.
  25. Branca F, Nikogosian H, Lobstein T, editors. The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response: Summary. World Health Organization; 2007.
  26. Albaker W, El-Ashker S, Baraka MA, El-Tanahi N, Ahsan M, Al-Hariri M. Adiposity and cardiometabolic risk assessment among university students in Saudi Arabia. Sci Prog. 2021;104(1):36850421998532.
  27. Rahamathulla MP, M MS. Frequency and awareness of risk factors of non-communicable diseases among university students in Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):740-5.
  28. Sebastião E, Gobbi S, Chodzko-Zajko W, Schwingel A, Papini CB, Nakamura PM, et al. The international physical activity questionnaire-long form overestimates self-reported physical activity of Brazilian adults. Public Health. 2012;126(11):967-75.
  29. Jalloun RA, Surrati AM. Physical activity pattern among female college students at Taibah university. Int J Nutr, Pharmacol, Neurol Dis. 2020;10(3):137-43.‏
  30. Al-Hassan YT, Fabella E, Estrella E, Al-Ramadan HA, Bujbara AH. Utilizing the health belief model in determining the association between perceptions of obesity and exercise behavior of Saudi university students. Open Public Health J. 2020;13(1):87-93.
  31. Albawardi NM, Jradi H, Al-Hazzaa HM. Levels and correlates of physical activity, inactivity and body mass index among Saudi women working in office jobs in Riyadh city. BMC Womens Health. 2016;16:33.
  32. El-Sobkey SB. Physical activity level and adult Saudi health related quality of life. Open J Ther Rehabil. 2014;2014. ‏
  33. Al-Hazzaa HM. Physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia revisited: A systematic review of inactivity prevalence and perceived barriers to active living. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2018;12(6):50-64.
  34. Al Zahib YH, Baarimah H. Physical activity profile among Saudi adults in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Middle East J Family Med. 2020;7(37):10-5742.
  35. Yahia N, Wang D, Rapley M, Dey R. Assessment of weight status, dietary habits and beliefs, physical activity, and nutritional knowledge among university students. Perspect Public Health. 2016;136(4):231-44. 
  36. Qahwaji DM. Lifestyle behaviours, dietary habits, physical activity and biochemical measurements in Saudi University students. Med Sci. 2023;27:e198ms2940.
  37. Majeed F. Association of BMI with diet and physical activity of female medical students at the University of Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2015;10(2):188-96.‏ ‏
  38. Balgoon MJ, Al-Zahrani MH, Alkhattabi NA, Alzahrani NA. The correlation between obesity and metabolic syndrome in young female university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(4):2399-402. 
  39. Hatano Y. Use of the pedometer for promoting daily walking exercise. Int Coun Health, Phys Educ, Rec, Sport Dance J. 1993;29:4-8.
  40. Thakkar HK, Srivastava K, Misra SK, Gupta SC. Obesity and weight control measures: Findings from female college students of Agra. Med J DY Patil Univ. 2013;6(1):66-70.
  41. Bhurtun DD, Jeewon R. Body weight perception and weight control practices among teenagers. Int Sch Res Notices. 2013;2013.
  42. Sharaf F. Life satisfaction with sleep, caffeinated drinks and physical exercise among qassim medical students. Aljouf Uni Med J. 2015;2(4):7-16.
  43. Alaaddin RN, Ibrahim NK, Kadi M. Prevalence and predictors of depression, anxiety and stress among pharmacy students from Umm Al-Qura university, Saudi Arabia. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;33(57B):118-34.
  44. Javed A, Ameer S, Talib H, Bashir I, Jamshaid M. Evaluating concept of healthy eating in relation with physical activity and dietary habits among university students. Pak Armed Forces Med J. 2021;71(5):1603-6.
  45. Wirnitzer KC, Motevalli M, Cocca A, Tanous DR, Wirnitzer G, Wagner KH, et al. Health behavior of Austrian tertiary students focusing on diet type linked to sports and exercise-first glimpse of results from the "sustainably healthy-from science 2 high school and university" study. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1129004. 
  46. Alzahrani SH, Saeedi AA, Baamer MK, Shalabi AF, Alzahrani AM. Eating habits among medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:77-88.
  47. Steptoe A, Sanderman R, Wardle J. Stability and changes in health behaviours in young adults over a one year period. Psychol Health. 1995;10(2):155-69.
  48. Cao J, Wang K, Shi Y, Pan Y, Lyu M, Ji Y, et al. Effects of personal and interpersonal factors on changes of food choices and physical activity among college students. PLoS One. 2023;18(7):e0288489.
  49. Mumena WA, Alamri AA, Mahrous AA, Alharbi BM, Almohaimeed JS, Hakeem MI, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward added sugar consumption among female undergraduate students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition. 2020;79-80:110936.
  50. Beaudry KM, Ludwa IA, Thomas AM, Ward WE, Falk B, Josse AR. First-year university is associated with greater body weight, body composition and adverse dietary changes in males than females. PLoS One. 2019;14(7):e0218554.
  51. Haq IU, Mariyam Z, Zeb F, Jiang P, Wu X, Shah J, et al. Identification of body composition, dietary patterns and its associated factors in medical university students in China. Ecol Food Nutr. 2020;59(1):65-78.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.