Archive \ Volume.15 2024 Issue 1

Cognitive Disorders Around Surgery and Its Prevention Strategies

Hassan Noor , Adrian Coțe*✉ , Alexandra Micu , Valentin Pirvut
  1. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu, Romania.
  2. Hospital Medlife-Polisano, Sibiu, Romania.
  3. Department of Surgical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.

Abstract

One of the important complications related to surgery and anesthesia is cognitive disorders, it is necessary to think about such complications before the surgery and anesthesia and put the necessary preparations on the agenda. Lack of accuracy and lack of awareness of the factors that cause these problems can be the main cause of these problems. The purpose of this review article is to examine the causes and factors that cause cognitive problems around surgery so that by providing solutions, they can be prevented from spreading and appearing after surgery. In this study, various appropriate articles related to the topic were used, which were published between 1990 and 2022 in the field of causes of cognitive problems and prevention strategies. References for this review article are from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were obtained. The authors used keywords including cognitive problems, psychological problems during anesthesia, after anesthesia, and surgery in these sites. In this study, the things that should be considered in anesthesia and surgery to prevent the occurrence of cognitive problems were investigated. These include: the use of neuroprotectants, psychoactive drugs, anticholinergic system, anesthesia depth, pediatrics and occurrence of problems, circadian and sleep disorders, patient privacy, blood sugar, patient's spiritual rituals, hemoglobin, electrolytes, blood pressure, capnography and oxygenation, patient position and posture, emboli, drug interactions, cardiac function, platelet activity, stress and pain, hypothermia and hyperthermia, delay in discharge, ileus and antibiotics.


Downloads: 26
Views: 38

How to cite:
Vancouver
Noor H, Coțe A, Micu A, Pirvut V. Cognitive Disorders Around Surgery and Its Prevention Strategies. Arch Pharm Pract. 2024;15(1):33-9. https://doi.org/10.51847/OphHf7XuDm
APA
Noor, H., Coțe, A., Micu, A., & Pirvut, V. (2024). Cognitive Disorders Around Surgery and Its Prevention Strategies. Archives of Pharmacy Practice, 15(1), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.51847/OphHf7XuDm

Download Citation
References
  1. Zarei G. Anesthesia and management of complications after surgery. Jahad Daneshgahi, 2017.
  2. Monk TG, Weldon BC, Garvan CW, Dede DE, van der Aa MT, Heilman KM, et al. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology. 2008;108(1):18-30.
  3. Mashour GA, Avidan MS, editors. Neurologic outcomes of surgery and anesthesia. Oxford University Press; 2013.
  4. Zhang WY, Wu WL, Gu JJ, Sun Y, Ye XF, Qiu WJ, et al. Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting: A prospective cohort study. J Crit Care. 2015;30(3):606-12.
  5. Juliebø V, Bjøro K, Krogseth M, Skovlund E, Ranhoff AH, Wyller TB. Risk factors for preoperative and postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009;57(8):1354-61.
  6. Wang LH, Xu DJ, Wei XJ, Chang HT, Xu GH. Electrolyte disorders and aging: Risk factors for delirium in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;16(1):418. 
  7. Mercolini L, Mandrioli R, Raggi MA. Content of melatonin and other antioxidants in grape-related foodstuffs: Measurement using a MEPS-HPLC-F method. J Pineal Res. 2012;53(1):21-8. 
  8. Brainard J, Gobel M, Bartels K, Scott B, Koeppen M, Eckle T. Circadian rhythms in anesthesia and critical care medicine: Potential importance of circadian disruptions. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015;19(1):49-60. 
  9. Perrar KM, Golla H, Voltz R. Pharmacological treatment of delirium in palliative care patients. A systematic literature review. Schmerz. 2013;27(2):190-8. 
  10. Wong A, Townley SA. Herbal medicines and anaesthesia. Continuing education in anaesthesia, critical care & pain. 2011;11(1):14-7.
  11. Pardo M, Miller RD. Basics of anesthesia. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2017.
  12. Al Quwayd MN, Alluhaydan AS, Alsam AA, Alferaih AK, Oukda AH, Alagha BB, et al. An overview on the effect of bariatric surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Literature review. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2021;10(2):90-3.
  13. Sosnovskikh EV, Rubtsov DA, Yurievna N, Stepanova EV, Autlev KM. Reproductive function in patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery. J Biochem Technol. 2021;12(1):63-6.
  14. Al-Jameel O, Salhi B. Factors affecting the employees’ loyalty in the mobily telecom company, Saudi Arabia. J Organ Behav Res. 2021;6(1):135-47.
  15. Blass JP, Gibson GE, Duffy TE, Plum F. Cholinergic dysfunction: A common denominator in metabolic encephalopathies. Cholinergic Mech Adv Behav Biol. 1981:921-8.
  16. Mashour GA, Avidan MS. Psychological trajectories after intraoperative awareness with explicit recall. Anesth Analg. 2014;119(1):1-3. 
  17. Alomari SA, Alfaqihi AS, Alzahrani KA, Alzahrani KH, Alzahrani KM, Abdulrahman K, et al. An overview of the role of surgery in resectable pancreatic tumors. Pharmacophore, 2021;12(4):86-91.
  18. Alruwaili NR, Al Senan AK, Alqurayn MN, Bukannan AY, Baali NM, Almuzaini AM, et al. An overview of the diagnosis and management of avascular necrosis: Literature review. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2021;10(1):15-8.
  19. Postol OL, Shchadilova IS. Using neuro-stimulating physical exercises to restore cognitive functions in the correction of the post-COVID syndrome. J Biochem Technol. 2022;13(3):26-31.
  20. Ceylan C, Tacoglu C, Kartal H. Analysis of the factors affecting organizational commitment: An empirical application. J Organ Behav Res. 2021;6(1):6-20.
  21. Abu-Shahwan I. Effect of propofol on emergence behavior in children after sevoflurane general anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth. 2008;18(1):55-9.
  22. Mehra R, Stone KL, Varosy PD, Hoffman AR, Marcus GM, Blackwell T, et al. Nocturnal arrhythmias across a spectrum of obstructive and central sleep-disordered breathing in older men: Outcomes of sleep disorders in older men (MrOS sleep) study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(12):1147-55.
  23. Mezhidov BS, Belyaeva AA, Bimarzaev KS, AM AS, Shekhshebekova MG, Baklanov IS, et al. Prospects for creating computer- and MRI-based 3d models of internal organs in emergency surgery and resuscitation. Pharmacophore. 2021;12(1):8-14.
  24. Otani K, Kurz RS. The impact of nursing care and other healthcare attributes on hospitalized patient satisfaction and behavioral intentions. J Healthc Manag. 2004;49(3):181-96.
  25. Finan PH, Goodin BR, Smith MT. The association of sleep and pain: An update and a path forward. J Pain. 2013;14(12):1539-52.
  26. Franks NP. General anaesthesia: From molecular targets to neuronal pathways of sleep and arousal. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008;9(5):370-86.
  27. Romero-Martínez N, Ramos-Zambrano E, Osorio-Ruiz A, Martínez-Ayala AL. Main mechanisms of action of policosanol in animal and plant cells. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2021;10(2):10-20.
  28. Amini A, Tabrizi JS, Shaghaghi A. The status of observing patient rights charter in outpatient clinics of Tabriz university of medical sciences: Perspectives of health service clients. Iran J Med Educ. 2013;13(7):611-22.
  29. Seybold KS, Hill PC. The role of religion and spirituality in mental and physical health. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2001;10(1):21-4.
  30. Ranganadhareddy A, Varghese R. A review of PHB production by cyanobacteria and its applications. J Biochem Technol. 2022;13(4):50-3.
  31. Yangarber-Hicks N. Religious coping styles and recovery from serious mental illnesses. J Psychol Theol. 2004;32(4):305-17.
  32. Niazi AA. Postoperative cognitive function and controlled hypotensive anesthesia in patients undergoing septoplasty. Egypt J Anaesth. 2016;32(1):61-6.
  33. Morgan Jr GE, Mikail MS. Clinical anesthesiology. InClinical anesthesiology 1996 (pp. 881-881).
  34. Mosleh S, Masoudi Alavi N, Fatemi N, Haghighat S. Procedural pain and management of this pain in trauma patients in emergency department. Nurs Midwifery J. 2018;15(12):902-10.
  35. Deiner S, Chu I, Mahanian M, Lin HM, Hecht AC, Silverstein JH. Prone position is associated with mild cerebral oxygen desaturation in elderly surgical patients. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e106387. 
  36. Leibovitch I, Casson R, Laforest C, Selva D. Ischemic orbital compartment syndrome as a complication of spinal surgery in the prone position. Ophthalmology. 2006;113(1):105-8. 
  37. Bithal PK, Pandia MP, Dash HH, Chouhan RS, Mohanty B, Padhy N. Comparative incidence of venous air embolism and associated hypotension in adults and children operated for neurosurgery in the sitting position. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2004;21(7):517-22.
  38. Cho SY, Kim SJ, Jeong CW, Jeong CY, Chung SS, Lee J, et al. Under general anesthesia arginine vasopressin prevents hypotension but impairs cerebral oxygenation during arthroscopic shoulder surgery in the beach chair position. Anesth Analg. 2013;117(6):1436-43. 
  39. Maghawry KM, El-Agamy AE, Tahir WI, Zein AF. Cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring during hypotensive anesthesia in shoulder arthroscopy: A comparative study between dexmedetomidine and esmolol. Egypt J Anaesth. 2015;31(1):43-52.
  40. Mirski MA, Lele AV, Fitzsimmons L, Toung TJ. Diagnosis and treatment of vascular air embolism. Anesthesiology. 2007;106(1):164-77.
  41. Stellos K, Katsiki N, Tatsidou P, Bigalke B, Laske C. Association of platelet activation with vascular cognitive impairment: Implications in dementia development? Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2014;12(1):152-4. 
  42. Girard F, Ruel M, McKenty S, Boudreault D, Chouinard P, Todorov A, et al. Incidences of venous air embolism and patent foramen ovale among patients undergoing selective peripheral denervation in the sitting position. Neurosurgery. 2003;53(2):316-9.
  43. Hering R, Wrigge H, Vorwerk R, Brensing KA, Schröder S, Zinserling J, et al. The effects of prone positioning on intraabdominal pressure and cardiovascular and renal function in patients with acute lung injury. Anesth Analg. 2001;92(5):1226-31.
  44. Nurtjahja-Tjendraputra E, Ammit AJ, Roufogalis BD, Tran VH, Duke CC. Effective anti-platelet and COX-1 enzyme inhibitors from pungent constituents of ginger. Thromb Res. 2003;111(4-5):259-65. 
  45. Makaryus R, Lee H, Yu M, Zhang S, Smith SD, Rebecchi M, et al. The metabolomic profile during isoflurane anesthesia differs from propofol anesthesia in the live rodent brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2011;31(6):1432-42.
  46. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Alley PG, Booth RJ. Psychological stress impairs early wound repair following surgery. Psychosom Med. 2003;65(5):865-9.
  47. Ahn HJ, Chung SK, Dhong HJ, Kim HY, Ahn JH, Lee SM, et al. Comparison of surgical conditions during propofol or sevoflurane anaesthesia for endoscopic sinus surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2008;100(1):50-4. 
  48. Samir GM, Gerges-Fahmy N, Labib HA. The effects of adding lidocaine hydrochloride nasal spray (10%) to xylometazoline nasal drops (0.1%) in functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A comparative study. Ain Shams J Anesthesiol. 2016;9(4):598.
  49. Clarke G, Grenham S, Scully P, Fitzgerald P, Moloney RD, Shanahan F, et al. The microbiome-gut-brain axis during early life regulates the hippocampal serotonergic system in a sex-dependent manner. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18(6):666-73. 
  50. Diaz Heijtz R, Wang S, Anuar F, Qian Y, Björkholm B, Samuelsson A, et al. Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(7):3047-52.

 

 

 


Related articles:
Most viewed articles:
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.